Rock crusher



A. T. BENSON ROCK CRUSHER March 1S, QIM.

Filed NOV. 5, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet l ,ggg

March 18, 1941. A. T. BENSON 2,235,097

ROCK CRUSHER Filed Nov. 5, 19158 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 l l l l I I l l l ou ball or roller bearings l.

Patented Mar. 18, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT PMU" R CK CRUSH'ER Albert Thomas Benson, Horsham, Victoria, Australia 3 Claims.

This invention relates to rock crushers-and has for its general object to provide an improved rock Crusher capable of operating more efliciently and more economically than existing Crushers and also capable of being readily adjusted to suit varying conditions o-f operation.

A more specific object of the invention is to provide a double acting crusher in which a single pitman co-operating with a stabilizing or anvil l0, device is arranged to actuate substantially simultaneously two swinging jaws located one at each side ofthe pitman so as to provide a compact apparatus capable of `a relatively high rate of output.

15, Another object of the invention is to provide swinging and stationary jaws of improved forniation and arrangement that give rise to an eflicient crushing action and which tend to prevent choking of the Crusher even if overied with 2U material to be crushed.

Another object is to provide for adjustment of the swinging jaws so that they may be readily set in positions most suitable to varying contions oi operation.

The above and other objects of the invention will, however, be more readily appreciated from the following description relating to one practical embodiment of the invention.

Referring to the drawings which form part 3U` oi this speciiication- Figure l is a part sectional side elevation of a crusher according to one embodiment of the invention.

Figure 2 is a plan of Figure l.

J5` Figure 3 is a part sectional elevation taken in a plane at a right angle to that of Figure l.

Figure 4. is an enlarged. cross section taken on line lV-IV of Figure 2 and showing an eccentric adjustment device for the swinging jaw.

1rd Figure 5 is a section taken on line Vr-V of Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a cross section taken on line V---VI of Figure 1.

According to such an embodiment the ap l5 paratus includes a suitable traine 2 across the upper part and at about the centre of which a driving shaft 3 extends laterally. The driving shaft has an eccentric portieri 4 encircledV by the upper end of the pitinan (i which is fitted with Similar bearings 'la encircle the end portions of the driving shaft where it projects through bearing bosses on the frame, and bearing caps 9.

'The pitman depends within.` the frame 2 and te is provided in itsV lower part with a slot, recess (Cl. 83m-53) or passage Il to accommodate a square section or straight-sided stabilizer or anvil block or sleeve l2 that extends transversely and is capable of oscillating about a transverse shaft or axle i3 which is' stationarily mounted as by having its end portions suitably keyed as at lf3 Figure 3, within bosses lat opposite sides or the frame. When worn, block l2 and shaft ISE may be given a quarter turn to present new wearing surfaces.

The-,side faces o-f the lateral slot or passage li 10` of the pitman may be provided with renewable wearing plates Il that make sliding Contact with the side faces oi the stabilizer block. l2 so that the block may oscillate slightly about axle i3 in conformity with the slight oscillation of the l5: lower end' of the pitrnan which also reciprocates substantially vertically in relation to the block by which it iS guided.

By means of this block', the pitman is stabilized and enabled to transmit motion, substan- 20,y tially simultaneously by means oi sets of suitable toggles ld, to a pair of swinging jaws lll, located one at each side of the pitrnan. In this connection it will be apparent that during downward movement of" the pitrnan, jaws i9. will be p4 caused toy move substantially simultaneously, or in unison towards the respective stationary jaws. The toggles may as usual be of the kind that break in the event of uncrushable or foreign matter being fed into the Crusher. The toggles 30., may bear against the pitrnan at any suitable position slightly above or on the horizontal centre line of shaft I3. In the usual piti-nan type single jaw Crusher with double toggle plates, the thrust of one toggle against the swinging 35,1` jaw is balanced by the thrust of the other toggle against the end frame of the machine. In my invention the thrust of one toggle will be partly or wholly balanced by that of the other toggle according to the relative vertical positions of 40 shaft I3 and the points of Contact between toggles IS and pitman t, and the amount of thrust so balanced is available for useful crushing, any unbalanced portion of the thrusts being resisted by the stabilizer. t is obvious that if t5` shaft E3 and the contact points between toggles and pitrcan were arranged to be in line horizontally, the motions of the two jaws towards or from their respective (zo-operating stationary Jaws whole stroke of the jaws, and the crushing loads on the swinging jaws would be balanced through the togeies. lf the contact points referred to were arrangedto be notv in line with shaft lil the swinging jaws would have, during portion of the 5s would be simultaneous throughout the of curved formation which decreases progresstroke, an almost simultaneous movement relatively to one another, and the crushing thrust would be very slightly unbalanced, the out of balance amount of thrust being resisted by the stabilizer. The position of the contact points between toggles and ptman relatively to shaft I3 is therefore selected tol give as nearly simultaneous jaw movements as is consistent with practical constructional consideration.

Plates or guards 2| may be attached to opposite ends of the stabilizer block l2 and the pitman 6, adjacent the sides of the frame 2 as seen in Figure 3 in order to protect the block and the pitman slot from dust and other foreign matter.

The spring or tension means for returning the swinging jaws are, according to this invention, preferably located outside the frame so that they are readily accessible for adjustment and will not impede access to the toggles in the event of the latter breaking. For this purpose each swinging jaw may have extending therethrough a pin 22 which projects sidewardly through a slot 23 in the frame to receive one end of a rod 24 that is capable of sliding lengthwise through a guide lug 26 outstanding from the'frame. A coiled spring 27 may encircle each rod between the guide lug 25 and an adjustable stop such as a wheel or nut member 28 upon the screw threaded outer end of the rod. The tension of the spring may be be adjusted by means of the wheel or nut member.

The stationary jaws 29 are located one at each end of the frame. Each stationary jaw has a convex working face 29a of relatively small uniform radius while the co-operating swinging jaw has a concave working face |9a. of relatively large uniform radius and the jaws are so arranged relatively to each other that there is formed between them a crushing chamber 25 sively in volumetric capacity towards its lower or discharge end. A further characteristic of the chamber so formed is that in its upper portion the angle between the working faces as seen in Figure 1 is such that stone cannot be nipped between them but this angle changes so rapidly in the depth of the chamber that the upper limit of the crushing zone in which stone can be nipped and consequently crushed is sharply defined, and the radii of the respective working faces and the disposition of the faces relatively to one another is such as to x this upper limit of the crushing zone at about midway of the depth of the chamber. Such a formation of the working faces of the crushing jaws is found to be particularly beneficial in that it provides a most efficient crushing action and also prevents choking of the crusher in the event of overfeeding on account of the sharp definition of the point at which nipping can take place.

The reverse face of each stationary jaw 29 may advantageously be of concave curvature so that the jaw may rest against a convex face 3| at the respective end of the frame 2. In order to hold each stationary jaw in position laterally extending bars 32 of substantially wedge form in cross section may extend between the upper and lower surfaces of the stationary jaw and shoulders 33 formed at the upper and lower ends of the convex face 3|. These wedge retaining bars may be held in position by bolts 39 passing through the respective end walls 34 of the frame so that upon tightening of the bolts the bars produce a wedge action which forces and maintains the stationary jaw in close contact with the conVeX`face 3| of the frame. Vhile it is preferred to employ two wedge-like retaining bars as aforesaid, one of them could be omitted if so desired.

As the curvature of each stationary jaw is uniform throughout, its position may be reversed at any time, if such should be found necessary o1' advisable on account of wear or otherwise. The change in position can be readily effected by first slackening and then retightening bolts 39 associated with the wedge plates 32.

The working face |9a of each swinging jaw may be formed by a renewable plate |922` which, like the stationary jaws, is reversible and held in position against a concave face of the main body of jaw I9 by a wedge bar |90 and bolts |903, the main body of the jaw having upper and lower shoulders |9e that co-Operate with plate 9b and the Wedge |96. Another wedge bar |90 could be employed at the lower end of the swinging jaw if so desired.

At each end of each stationary jaw and disposed within the frame of the crusher is a side plate 33, one edge of which is curved to conform to the convex working face of the stationary jaw. These side plates are disposed and suitably secured at the sides of the crushing chamber and abut against the end portions of the respective stationary jaw so that there is no likelihood of any of the material being forced between the plates and the stationary jaw. These plates may be removed and renewed at any time.

Each swinging jaw |9 is suspended from and secured to an overhead transverse spindle 31 which oscillates in eccentric gunmetal lined bushes 33 secured in brackets 39 and provisionv is made whereby the position of the swinging jaw may be adjusted in relation to the companion stationary jaw to suit varying conditions of operation, such, for example, as the nature of the material being crushed or the degree of crushing that is required. For this purpose the bushes 38 (see particularly Figures 4 and 5), which are eccentric to the spindle and which are accommodated by bearing brackets 39 and caps 40 at opposite sides of the frame 2 may be turned. Each eccentric bush may be provided with an outwardly projecting portion having one or more radial holes 4| into which a rod or the like may be inserted to enable the bush to be manually turned in its bearing and thus effect bodily adjustment of the swinging jaw spindle 3l in an arcuate path which causes the swinging jaw to be raised or lowered or moved towards or away from the co-eperating stationary jaw. Such an eccentric device thus permits of substantially universal adjustment of the swinging jaw so that it is possible to set it in the precise position that is most benecial to crushing operations.

To facilitate adjustment of the eccentric bushes 38 and to ensure uniform adjustment of the bushes at opposite ends of their spindle 3l so that the swinging jaw I9 will not become canted or tilted in relation to the stationary jaw, the eccentric bush may be provided around its outer periphery with teeth or serrations 42 that are complementary with a number of teeth or serrations 43 formed on the inner surface of the associated bearing cap 40. The bearing brackets 39, may, however, be devoid of any such teeth, but may be internally recessed or relieved to avoid contact with the teeth of the eccentric bush. To adjust the position of a swinging jaw,

the respective two bearing caps are loosened or removed whereupon bars or the like may be inserted into the holes of the eccentric bushes 38 in order to turn them in relation to their bearings and thus vary the lposition of the swinging jaw spindle 37 as desired. The bearing caps di! are then reapplied and tightened so as to maintain the bushes and the spindle in their adjusted positions.

Suitable provision should be made for lubrieating all those parts that are subject to friction. Thus, by way of example, as shown in Figure 1, a pipe 44 may convey oil to a passage t6 formed through the pitman and leading to the working faces of the stabilizer block I2 and the respective wearing plate I1. In the same way other pipes may be led to other wearing surfaces. It is preferable thatv all lubricating pipes should be fed from a central lubricator having a sight feed to each separate pipe.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a rock crusher of the swinging jaw type, two stationary jaws facing towards each other, two swinging jaws adapted to co-operate with the respective stationary jaws, a pitman disposed between said swinging jaws, means for operating the pitman to substantially simultaneously move the swinging jaws toward the stationary jaws, toggles extending between opposite sides of said pitman and said swinging jaws, and a stabilizer associated with said pitnian to resist out-oibalance thrusts in the event of the swinging jaws not moving precisely simultaneously to ward the stationary jaws, said stabilizer com'l prising a block adapted to oscillate about a fixed axis extending transversely of the pitrnan adjacent its lower end, said block having straight parallel faces at opposite sides of said axis that make sliding Contact with complementary faces that are formed internally of said pitman.

2. In a rock crusher of the swinging jaw type, two stationary jaws facing towards each other, two swinging jaws adapted to cooperate with the respective stationary jaws, a pitman disposed between said swinging jaws, means for operating the pitman to substantially simultaneously move the swinging jaws toward the stationary jaws, toggles extending between opposite sides of said pitman and said swinging jaws, said pitrnan being provided near its Vlower end with a transversely extending slot or passage having straight parallel side faces, and a stabilizer associated with said pitrnan to resist outof-balance thrusts in the event of the swinging jaws not moving precisely simultaneously toward the stationary jaws, said stabilizer comprising a block extending lengthwise through said slot or passage and oscillating about a fixed axis coincident with said slot or passage, said block having side faces complementary -to and making sliding Contact with said side .faces of said slot or passage.

3. In a rock crusher of the swinging jaw type, two stationary jaws facing toward each other, two swinging jaws adapted to cooperate with the respective stationary jaws, a pitman disposed between said swinging jaws, means :for operating the pitman to substantially simultaneously move the swinging jaws toward the stationary jaws, toggles extending between opposite sides of said pitman and said swinging jaws., said pitman being provided near its lower end with a transversely extending slot or passage having straight parallel side faces, a fixed axle extending lengthwise through said slot or passage, and a stabilizer associated with said pitman to resist outof-balance thrusts in the event of the swinging jaws not moving precisely simultaneously to` ward the stationary jaws, said stabilizer comprising a sleeve rotatable about said axle within said slot or passage, and having side faces complementary to and having sliding contact with said side faces of said slot or passage.

ALBERT THOMAS BENSON. 

